ABB – ABB to acquire power electronics business of Gamesa Electric

EMR Analysis

More information on ABB: See full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Morten Wierod (Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Group Executive Committee, ABB): See full profile on EMR Executive Services 

More information on Timo Ihamuotila (Chief Financial Officer and Member of the Executive Committee, ABB): See full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Motion Business Area by ABB: See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Brandon Spencer (President, Motion Business Area and Member of the Executive Committee, ABB): See full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Chris Poynter (President, System Drives Division, ABB Motion Business Area, ABB): See full profile on EMR Executive Services

 

 

More information on Siemens Energy: See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Dr. -Ing. Christian Bruch (President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Sustainability Officer, Siemens Energy AG + President and Chief Executive Officer of Siemens Energy Management GmbH, Siemens Energy AG): See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Maria Ferraro (Chief Financial Officer, Siemens Energy AG): See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, S.A. (SGRE) by Siemens Energy AG: https://www.siemensgamesa.com/en-int + At Siemens Gamesa, when the wind blows, we see infinite possibilities. 40 years ago, we saw the potential to blend nature and engineering. We envisioned the possibility of powering factories and lighting up cities, all whilst cleaning the air we breathe. Today, we’ve made that vision a reality by producing clean energy to power our homes, schools, and hospitals to keeping us moving all over the world – from the largest cities to the most remote corners of the planet.

We are a team of 28,150 individuals from over 100 nationalities, all motivated to tackle the greatest challenge of our generation – the climate crisis. We’re inspired by the prospect of working in a continuously evolving industry alongside expert colleagues, pushing the boundaries of possibility.

More information on Vinod Philip (Member of the Executive Board for Wind Power, Siemens Energy AG + Member of the Executive Board of Siemens Energy Management GmbH, Siemens Energy AG + Chief Executive Officer, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, Siemens Energy AG): See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

More information on Gamesa Electric by Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, S.A. (SGRE) by Siemens Energy AG: https://www.gamesaelectric.com/ + Gamesa Electric is a worldwide leader in the design and manufacturing of electrical equipment, with extensive experience in photovoltaics, hydro-electric energy, marine propulsion, wind power and energy storage applications, among others.

In April 2017, Gamesa merged Siemens Wind to form Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy. Gamesa Electric is a 100% subsidiary of this merged company.

More information on Juan Barandiaran (Managing Director, Gamesa Electric, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, S.A. (SGRE), Siemens Energy AG): See the full profile on EMR Executive Services

 

 

More information on IEA (International Energy Agency): https://www.iea.org + The IEA is at the heart of global dialogue on energy, providing authoritative analysis, data, policy recommendations, and real-world solutions to help countries provide secure and sustainable energy for all.

The IEA was created in 1974 to help co-ordinate a collective response to major disruptions in the supply of oil. While oil security this remains a key aspect of our work, the IEA has evolved and expanded significantly since its foundation.

Taking an all-fuels, all-technology approach, the IEA recommends policies that enhance the reliability, affordability and sustainability of energy. It examines the full spectrum issues including renewables, oil, gas and coal supply and demand, energy efficiency, clean energy technologies, electricity systems and markets, access to energy, demand-side management, and much more.

Since 2015, the IEA has opened its doors to major emerging countries to expand its global impact, and deepen cooperation in energy security, data and statistics, energy policy analysis, energy efficiency, and the growing use of clean energy technologies. 

More information on Dr. Fatih Birol (Executive Director, International Energy Agency): https://www.iea.org/contributors/dr-fatih-birol + https://www.linkedin.com/in/fatih-birol/ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EMR Additional Notes: 

• Power Electronics:
  • Power electronics is the technology associated with the efficient conversion, control and conditioning of electric power by static means from its available input form into the desired electrical output form.
  • Power electronics is the branch of electrical engineering that deals with the processing of high voltages and currents to deliver power that supports a variety of needs. it deals with the conversion and control of electric power using electric converters based on the switch of semiconductors.
• Power Conversion:
  • In electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. A power converter is an electrical device for converting electrical energy between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). It can also change the voltage or frequency of the current.

 

 

• OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer):
  • Company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.
  • Usually tagged on hardware or software that’s less expensive than normal retail products.
  • An OEM refers to something made specifically for the original product, while the aftermarket refers to equipment made by another company that a consumer may use as a replacement.
  • Electrical OEM manufacturers makes equipment or components that are then utilized by its customer, another manufacturer or a reseller, usually under the final reseller’s brand name. OEMs come in many shapes and sizes, making complete devices or specific components.
• MRO (Maintenance, Repair and Operations):
  • It refers to all the activities needed to keep a company’s facilities and production processes running smoothly.
  • Supplies consumed in the production process that do not become part of the end product.
  • Maintenance professionals use MRO items to maintain company structures, equipment, and assets. Purchases that fall under MRO include maintenance tools and equipment, replacement parts for production equipment, consumables such as personal protective equipment (e.g., safety goggles, work gloves), cleaning products and office supplies.
• Integrated Supply:
  • Integrated supply chain management refers to an enterprise resource planning approach to supply chain management.
  • Large-scale business strategy that brings as many links of the chain as possible into a closer working relationship with each other. The goal is to improve response time, production time, and reduce costs and waste.
  • Often takes the form of integrated computer systems. For example, the supplier’s computer system may be set up to deliver real-time data to the buyer’s computer. This allows the buyer to know: The current status of all orders., which products are in the supplier’s inventory …
  • Integration, operations, purchasing and distribution are the four elements of the supply chain that work together to establish a path to competition that is both cost-effective and competitive.
  • Integrated supply is the end-to-end process of managing the MRO supply chain (spare parts) through consolidated sourcing practices, storeroom operations, inventory management, data governance, and continuous improvement. The objective is to leverage spend, reduce transactions, and cut inventory and associated costs while eliminating risk around critical spares.

 

 

• Motors, Generators and Drives:
  • A motor is the mechanical or electrical device that generates the rotational or linear force used to power a machine.
  • NEMA motors are commonly made with rolled steel or cast iron frames while IEC motors are commonly made with cast aluminum or cast iron frames.
  • An electric motor converts electricity into mechanical energy, providing a power source for machinery.
  • A generator does the opposite of this, converting mechanical energy into electricity.
  • A servo motor is a self-contained electrical device, that rotate parts of a machine with high efficiency and with great precision. The output shaft of this motor can be moved to a particular angle, position and velocity that a regular motor does not have. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. It also requires a relatively sophisticated controller.
  • A drive (also often referred to as an electric controller) is the electronic device that harnesses and controls the electrical energy sent to the motor.
  • By positioning a drive between the electrical supply and the motor, power is fed into the drive, and the drive then controls and regulates the power that is fed into the motor. This allows control of speed, direction, acceleration, deceleration, torque and, in some applications, position of the motor shaft.

 

 

• Energy Storage System (ESS):
  • An energy storage system, often abbreviated as ESS, is a device or group of devices assembled together, capable of storing energy in order to supply electrical energy at a later time. An energy storage system consists of three main components:
    • a power conversion system, which transforms electrical energy into another form of energy and vice versa;
    • a storage unit, which stores the converted energy;
    • a control system, which manages the energy flow between the converter and the storage unit.
• Battery Energy Storage System (BESS):
  • A BESS is an energy storage system (ESS) that captures energy from different sources, accumulates this energy, and stores it in rechargeable batteries for later use.

 

 

• Variable Speed Drive (VSD) – Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) – Inverter & Converter:
  • A variable speed drive is a device used in electromechanical drives to control the speed and torque of an AC motor by adjusting the motor’s input frequency and voltage. Variable speed drives may be either electric, hydraulic, mechanical or even electronic.
  • A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is a type of motor controller that drives an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage supplied to the electric motor. Frequency (or hertz) is directly related to the motor’s speed (RPMs). In other words, the faster the frequency, the faster the RPMs go.
    • Other names for a VFD are variable speed drive, adjustable speed drive, adjustable frequency drive, AC drive, microdrive, and inverter.
  • An Inverter is a device that converts direct current electricity to alternating current either for stand-alone systems or to supply power to an electricity grid.
    • An inverter is one of the most important pieces of equipment in a solar energy system. It’s a device that converts direct current (DC) electricity, which is what a solar panel generates, to alternating current (AC) electricity, which the electrical grid uses.
    • Converters convert the voltage of an electric device, usually alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
    • Most inverters are installed and used in conjunction with a battery bank of some sort – a common set up in off-grid solar installations.
  • => A variable frequency drive (VFD) refers to AC drives only and a variable speed drive (VSD) refers to either AC Drives or DC Drives. VFDs vary the speed of an AC motor by varying the frequency to the motor. VSDs referring to DC motors vary the speed by varying the voltage to the motor.

 

 

• Kilowatt (kW):
  • A kilowatt is simply a measure of how much power an electric appliance consumes—it’s 1,000 watts to be exact. You can quickly convert watts (W) to kilowatts (kW) by diving your wattage by 1,000: 1,000W 1,000 = 1 kW.
• Megawatt (MW):
  • One megawatt equals one million watts or 1,000 kilowatts, roughly enough electricity for the instantaneous demand of 750 homes at once.
• Gigawatt (GW):
  • A gigawatt (GW) is a unit of power, and it is equal to one billion watts.
  • According to the Department of Energy, generating one GW of power takes over three million solar panels or 310 utility-scale wind turbines
• Terawatt (TW):
  • One terawatt is equal to 1,000,000,000,000 watts.
  • The main use of terawatts is found in the electric power industry.
  • According to the United States Energy Information Administration, America is one of the largest electricity consumers in the world using about 4,146.2 terawatt-hours.

 

 

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2):
  • Primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. Carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere through burning fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil), solid waste, trees and other biological materials, and also as a result of certain chemical reactions (e.g., manufacture of cement). Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere (or “sequestered”) when it is absorbed by plants as part of the biological carbon cycle.
• Biogenic Carbon Dioxide (CO2):
  • Biogenic Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) are the same. Scientists differentiate between biogenic carbon (that which is absorbed, stored and emitted by organic matter like soil, trees, plants and grasses) and non-biogenic carbon (that found in all other sources, most notably in fossil fuels like oil, coal and gas).
• Decarbonization:
  • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions through the use of low carbon power sources, achieving a lower output of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere.
• Carbon Footprint:
  • There is no universally agreed definition of what a carbon footprint is.
  • A carbon footprint is generally understood to be the total amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are directly or indirectly caused by an individual, organization, product, or service. These emissions are typically measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
  • In 2009, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) published a standard for calculating and reporting corporate carbon footprints. This standard is widely accepted by businesses and other organizations around the world. The GHG Protocol defines a carbon footprint as “the total set of greenhouse gas emissions caused by an organization, directly and indirectly, through its own operations and the value chain.”
• CO2e (Carbon Dioxide Equivalent):
  • CO2e means “carbon dioxide equivalent”. In layman’s terms, CO2e is a measurement of the total greenhouse gases emitted, expressed in terms of the equivalent measurement of carbon dioxide. On the other hand, CO2 only measures carbon emissions and does not account for any other greenhouse gases.
  • A carbon dioxide equivalent or CO2 equivalent, abbreviated as CO2-eq is a metric measure used to compare the emissions from various greenhouse gases on the basis of their global-warming potential (GWP), by converting amounts of other gases to the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide with the same global warming potential.
    • Carbon dioxide equivalents are commonly expressed as million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents, abbreviated as MMTCDE.
    • The carbon dioxide equivalent for a gas is derived by multiplying the tonnes of the gas by the associated GWP: MMTCDE = (million metric tonnes of a gas) * (GWP of the gas).
    • For example, the GWP for methane is 25 and for nitrous oxide 298. This means that emissions of 1 million metric tonnes of methane and nitrous oxide respectively is equivalent to emissions of 25 and 298 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide.
• Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) – Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS):
  • CCS involves the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial processes. This carbon is then transported from where it was produced, via ship or in a pipeline, and stored deep underground in geological formations.
  • CCS projects typically target 90 percent efficiency, meaning that 90 percent of the carbon dioxide from the power plant will be captured and stored.
• Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR): 
  • Carbon Dioxide Removal encompasses approaches and methods for removing CO2 from the atmosphere and then storing it permanently in underground geological formations, in biomass, oceanic reservoirs or long-lived products in order to achieve negative emissions.
• Direct Air Capture (DAC): 
  • Technologies extracting CO2 directly from the atmosphere at any location, unlike carbon capture which is generally carried out at the point of emissions, such as a steel plant.
  • Constraints like costs and energy requirements as well as the potential for pollution make DAC a less desirable option for CO2 reduction. Its larger land footprint when compared to other mitigation strategies like carbon capture and storage systems (CCS) also put it at a disadvantage.
• Carbon Credits or Carbon Offsets:
  • Permits that allow the owner to emit a certain amount of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases. One credit permits the emission of one ton of carbon dioxide or the equivalent in other greenhouse gases.
  • The carbon credit is half of a so-called cap-and-trade program. Companies that pollute are awarded credits that allow them to continue to pollute up to a certain limit, which is reduced periodically. Meanwhile, the company may sell any unneeded credits to another company that needs them. Private companies are thus doubly incentivized to reduce greenhouse emissions. First, they must spend money on extra credits if their emissions exceed the cap. Second, they can make money by reducing their emissions and selling their excess allowances.

 

 

• Grid, Microgrids, DERs and DERM’s:
  • The power grid is a network for delivering electricity to consumers. The power grid includes generator stations, transmission lines and towers, and individual consumer distribution lines.
  • The grid constantly balances the supply and demand for the energy that powers everything from industry to household appliances.
  • Electric grids perform three major functions: power generation, transmission, and distribution.
  • A microgrid is a small-scale power grid that can operate independently or collaboratively with other small power grids. The practice of using microgrids is known as distributed, dispersed, decentralized, district or embedded energy production.
  • Smart Grid is any electrical grid + IT at all levels . Micro Grid is a group of interconnected loads and DERs (Distributed energy resources) within a clearly defined electrical and geographical boundaries witch acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the main grid.
  • Distributed energy resources (DERs) are small-scale electricity supply (typically in the range of 3 kW to 50 MW) or demand resources that are interconnected to the electric grid. They are power generation resources and are usually located close to load centers, and can be used individually or in aggregate to provide value to the grid.
  • Common examples of DERs include rooftop solar PV units, natural gas turbines, microturbines, wind turbines, biomass generators, fuel cells, tri-generation units, battery storage, electric vehicles (EV) and EV chargers, and demand response applications.
  • Distributed energy resources management systems (DERMS) are platforms which helps mostly distribution system operators (DSO) manage their grids that are mainly based on distributed energy resources (DER).
  • DERMS are used by utilities and other energy companies to aggregate a large energy load for participation in the demand response market. DERMS can be defined in many ways, depending on the use case and underlying energy asset.